Rabu, 15 Januari 2014
Senin, 13 Januari 2014
Rabu, 08 Januari 2014
Pola Konsumsi tehadap Kejadian Obesitas Sentral pada Pegawai Pemerintah di Kantor Bupati Kabupaten Jeneponto
Masalah overweight
dan obesitas meningkat
dengan cepat di
berbagai belahan dunia Menuju proporsi epidemik. Di
Negara maju, obesitas
telah menjadi epidemik
dengan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 35%
terhadap angka kesakitan
dan berkontribusi 15-20% terhadap kematian. Obesitas
tidak menyebabkan kematian
secara langsung,
t etapi menyebabkan masalah kesehatan yang serius yang dapat memacu
kelainan kardiovaskuler, ginjal, metabolik, protrombik dan respon inflamasi
(Grundy et al, 2004).
Prevalensi obesitas sentral pada penduduk
Eropa dan Asia
mengalami peningkatan. Prevalensi
obesitas sentral pada laki-laki
AS meningkat dari
37% (periode 1999-2000) menjadi 42.2% (periode
2003-2004), sedangkan prevalensi obesitas sentral pada perempuan AS meningkat
dari 55.3% menjadi 61.3% pada periode yang sama (Li et al, 2007).
Obesitas cenderung
meningkat pada populasi
dewasa. Sekitar 80-90%
kasus obesitas
diperkirakan ditemukan
pada rentang usia dewasa.
Bila dilihat menurut
jenis pekerjaan, Pegawai Negeri
Sipil (PNS) menempati urutan
pertama karakterisitik penderita
obesitas dengan prevalensi tertinggi sebesar 27,3%, ABRI 26,4% dan
wiraswasta sebesar 26,5%.
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Selasa, 07 Januari 2014
Dokumen Panjang Word
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Community and International Nutrition
In most industrialized
countries the number of elderly people is increasing due to an improvement in
health care and a reduction in birth rates during the past decades (WHO 1989). Population
aging is not only occurring in industrialized countries, but also in developing
countries. It is estimated that in the Southeast Asian region the proportion of
individuals older than 60 y will increase from 5% in 1950 to 11.5% in 2050,`equivalent
to a four-fold increase in absolute numbers (Gopalan 1992). The aging process
is associated with physiological, psychological and socioeconomic changes
leading to nutritional excess,
such as obesity, and deficit, such as micronutrient
deficiency, and their related health outcomes, such as coronary atherosclerosis,
diabetes mellitus, certain cancers and anemia. These changes and outcomes are
evidenced from various studies of elderly people living in industrialized
countries (de
Groot et al. 1991, Hartz et al. 1992, Kromhout et
al. 1990, Wahlqvist et al. 1995a and b). So far, a limited number of studies
have been undertaken to observe the nutritional status of the elderly living in
developing countries.
The Western Pacific study
(Andrews et al. 1986) described sociocultural factors, but not nutritional
factors, of free-living, elderly people living in Fiji, the Republic of Korea,
Malaysia and the Philippines. Recently, Wahlqvist et al. (1995a) reported the
food habits, lifestyles and health status
among the aged in developed and developing
countries. Elderly people living in developing countries have, up to a certain
degree, an inadequate intake of micronutrients, such as vitamin A, thiamine,
riboflavin and vitamin C (Wahlqvist et al. 1995b). However, for certain
micronutrients, intakes are not reflected in plasma or serum levels. In
free-living, middleto upper-class, US elderly, 24% of the men and 39% of the
women had vitamin B-12 intakes below three-fourth
of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA)5; most of these people were able to
maintain normal levels of serum vitamin B-12 despite the low intakes (Ahmed
1992). Little information is available about nutritional status of the elderly
in Indonesia, but it is expected that inadequate food intake is common (Horwath
1989). This was confirmed by a recent study showing
a high prevalence of low body mass index (BMI)
(Rabe et al. 1996) among elderly from Jakarta. A low food intake
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